Table of Contents
In recent days, some of our users have informed us that they have encountered sources of errors while viewing theodolites.
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(i) High temperatures causing unusual light refraction, (ii) Winds causing the entire instrument to vibrate, (iii) The sun usually shines on the instrument, etc. These effects are negligible for routine examinations.
What are the sources of error in transit work?
2. Sources of errors of the transit function are conventionally divided into ______ types. Explanation: There are 3 types of error sources in theodolite’s work. They are instrumental, personally connected with the natural.
Sources of errors in theodolite’s work can be roughly divided into threeCategories:
Despite our best effortsduring manufacture, adjustment to the right of the main axes, which, together withTheodolite may not be possible. Instrumental errors can easily be broken down into smaller parts.as below:
If there are bubbles on the platenot aligned correctly, your vertical tool axis will not be savedvertically, even if the plate has pockets in the middle of the stroke.Non-verticality off the vertical axis leads to errors in the corresponding measurementsboth horizontal background and vertical background. You can fix this bug yourselfAlign the tool carefully using the heights or a telescope.Before starting the observation type, bubble it up.
Error face ='” Segoe due to cautious topics fromCollimation not perpendicular to the axis of rotation
Which is instrumental error in theodolite survey?
Instrumental errors include errors that arise through the fault of a person or a malfunction of the theodolite itself. If the planes of the theodolite plates are not perpendicular to the right axis, the vertical axis will not be fully usable, hence the tilt of each of our horizontal circles.
If the collimation linethe corresponding telescope is not actually perpendicular to the axis of the person’s axis, it generatescone when rotating information technology around the horizontal axis. This introduces the angles of error intomeasured horizontally between programs at different heights. This errorcan be reduced by the measured angle by taking the average of twoHorizontal angle values are measured on both sides.
If the horizontal axis is exact. is annot perpendicular to the vertical axis of the jump, no collimation line at allrotate in a vertical plane when raising or lowering the corresponding telescope. Due to not completely closedThis adjustment introduces errors into your current horizontal as well as your current vertical l.Injection. The size of each error depends on:
– polls fromThe stations are seen. It would be great if I said that the stations seen are differentHeights.
What are the sources of error in theodolite observation what precautions are taken to reduce them?
The pivot axis is not vertical with respect to the vertical axis.Direction in The view is not perpendicular to the spindle axis.The straight axis is not perpendicular.Collimation of the vertical point of view is not set correctly.
To eliminateErrors, observations should be made automatically from both sides. This is because the overall averageof the two extended angle values seen from both sides is actually the sameto the correct angle.
Errordue to the non-parallelism of the telescope plane axis and the lineCollimation
If the axisThe telescope level is not parallel to the collimation line, which is an error.Introduced in vertical perspective because the zero line of our verticalVernier marks do not represent the true reference line. The error could beeliminated using the average of the two observed angle dimensions, one withan ordinary telescope, and the other with an inverted telescope.
If the middlethe round disc with a collar does not match the vernier hub,vernier fixed angle and, in any case, is incorrect. To fix itSource error, take a look at two verniers and check the meaning.
If the line containingThe zeros of horizontal verniers do not go through the centerThe vernier is introduced, a horizontal area measured by mistake. The error can be read using the number of values by reading bothvernier.
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Inaccuratecentering: When the center of the theodolite does not matchaircraft markings on the ground, measured horizontal angles may be incorrect, knownlike centering errors. The size of the error depends on their distancebetween center of theodolite and crossfade station mark, direction andDistance from all sighted people, train station, etc.
It may seem like a centering error is not possiblebe eliminated if accurate centering does not work. These are also errors due toThe misalignment is likely to be changed in the same way as the aiming length.
Errordue to insufficient alignmentnia: wrong alignmentintroduced a fatal error in lateral corners when pointing stationslarge differences in elevation. This error is similar to being attributed to errorabout the non-regulation of the ratio of levels. When stations can be seen at the same timeLevel, the beetle is tiny. To fix the error, clear the alignmentyou should use a powerful high-altitude camera or telescopic camera,generally more sensitive.
Errordue to handling the wrong tangential screw: AnAn inexperienced surveyor usually makes mistakes if he misuses the tangent line.Note that your manipulation will change the pitch of the top tangentreading a graduated circle by manipulating this lower tangential screwvibrate the theodolite without updating the measured values.
InaccurateDivide the signals in half: If a signal was set on your current stationthe viewing glass is clearly not visible, since it is possible to cover vegetation or intermediate1st floor,the observer could possibly have halved the signal by mistake. This only leads to one error, i.e.The size changes in inverse proportion to the length of the scopes. It could beThe sighting left the signal clearly and always at the lowest point.
Non-verticalsignal: the signal is not really a directory, butAn error is being introduced. This error can be inversely proportional to the lengthSee. This error can be corrected by placing the receiver very vertically andalso halves the cheapest part of the price.
Errordue to parallax: If the lens and eyepiece are notis correctly oriented before the station mark is divided by two, this type of error occurs.The error can be corrected outside the focus of the eyepiece and lensbefore the exact station markings are halved. Face = ‘”Segoye
Errors included in this category are errorsdue to too high temperature, strong wind, scorching sun and drop in altitudeTripod adjustment.
The sources of errors of a circular theodolite can be roughly divided into threeCategories:
Despite our best effortsat the customer’s price, perfect adaptation of the main axes, includingTheodolite is impossible. Instrumental shortcomings can be dividedas below:
If there are bubbles on the platenot fully adjusted, the vertical axis of the tool must not stopvertically, even if the plate has bubbles in the center of its entire stroke.Non-verticality of the vertical axis leads to errors in all measurementsboth horizontally and along the top and bottom corners. This error can only be fixed byAccurate instrument leveling, maintaining altitude or telescopeBefore you start watching, get up.
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Comment Réparer Les Sources D’erreur Dans L’observation Du Théodolite ?
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